Suchergebnisse

The article aims to analyse the concept of «caudillo» as supreme political institution of the Francoist regime, considering its etymology and public uses prior to the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939. The conflict was a useful platform for its application, in the media prior to legal quarters, to the new type of charismatic political authority assumed by Franco as a result of three different but convergent sources: military power, religious sacralization and civilian party leadership. The consequent theories on «caudillaje» were a sort of formal coverage for an autocratic dictatorship which remain untouchable during the forty years of existence of Francoism. ; El artículo examina el concepto de «caudillo» como suprema institución política del régimen franquista, atendiendo a su etimología y usos públicos antes de la Guerra Civil de 1936-1939. El contexto bélico sirvió de plataforma idónea para su aplicación, primero popular y luego legal, al nuevo tipo de autoridad carismática asumida por Franco sobre la base de tres fuentes de poder diferentes pero convergentes: el poder militar, la sacralización religiosa y la jefatura partidista civil. Las consecuentes doctrinas teóricas sobre «el caudillaje» sirvieron para dar cobertura formal a una realidad autocrática y dictatorial que se mantuvo inalterada durante casi cuarenta años de existencia del régimen franquista.

The article aims to establish an analytical framework to understand the upsurge of the so-called historical revisionism of the Spanish Civil War. It argues that the phenomenon is not mainly and properly a historiographical enterprise but basically a socio-political attempt to rehabilitate
the Francoist regime and to counterbalance the impact of the Movement for the Recovery of Historical Memory. Five aspects are to be considered in this regard: the political objectives of the phenomenon, the recent demographical changes in the social structure of Spain, its national and international
context, the idealization of the Republican experience in the public domain and, finally, the clash of partisan memories reactivated in the last decade.

This article aims to examine those images of Spain and Spaniards which were dominant in Great Britain during the Spanish Civil War, 193639. Its basic conclusion is that these images corresponded to two large sets of stereotypes bequeathed by history (the Black Legend of the sixteenth
century and Romantic Myth of the nineteenth century) and were used as appropriate by both supporters of the Republic and of Franco in their respective propaganda battles.